Raspberry Pi OS’s yearslong switch from X Window to Wayland is now official

There have been times when it seemed like X Window System would be with us forever, even though it’s more than 40 years old, and the last true version was issued in 2012. But with great effort, some organizations and operating systems have moved on. Raspberry Pi has now joined the forward momentum, with its latest release of Raspberry Pi OS swapping in Wayland—and it’s hoping the change is hardly noticeable.

You might want to wait a moment before upgrading, though.

Simon Long wrote on Raspberry Pi’s blog that the organization started thinking about switching to Wayland about 10 years ago, though it was “nowhere near ready to use” back then. Over the last few years, the Pi team has done some things to prep a real switch:

• Used mutter as an X window manager in 2021’s Bullseye release because it could also be used as a Wayland compositor
• Switched from mutter to wayfire in 2023’s Bookworm release and made Wayland the default for Raspberry Pi 4 and 5
• Switched one last time to labwc, which better fit Raspberry Pi’s graphics hardware than wayfire

Because labwc is built on wlroots, a modular system that allows for building a Wayland compositor without whole-cloth reinvention, it was easier to adapt to Raspberry Pi’s needs. After efforts throughout 2024, the team is ready to call it the year of Wayland on Raspberry Pi desktops.

“After much optimisation for our hardware, we have reached the point where labwc desktops run just as fast as X on older Raspberry Pi models,” Long wrote. “Today, we make the switch with our latest desktop image: Raspberry Pi Desktop now runs Wayland by default across all models.”